By the conclusion of this course, participants will be able to:

Foundational Skills

• Select appropriate transducers and system settings to optimize imaging quality.

• Maximize spatial and temporal resolution while minimizing imaging and Doppler artifacts.

Arterial Hemodynamics

• Differentiate velocity, flow, pressure, and resistance.

• Apply Bernoulli’s Principle and Poiseuille’s Law to evaluate hemodynamic significance.

• Interpret spectral and color Doppler findings for stenoses and occlusions.

• Recognize cardiac effects on Doppler waveforms.

Carotid Evaluation

• Identify normal extracranial cerebrovascular anatomy and its common pathologies.

• Conduct focused cerebrovascular histories and physical exams.

• Perform standardized carotid, vertebral, and subclavian duplex protocols.

• Apply diagnostic velocity criteria to distinguish normal from abnormal findings.

Aortoiliac Evaluation

• Identify appropriate clinical indications for aortoiliac duplex studies.

• Obtain accurate aorta and iliac artery diameter measurements.

• Apply Doppler diagnostic criteria to detect aneurysms, stenoses, and occlusions.

• Adapt techniques for challenging, post-surgical, or post-interventional evaluations.

This course is designed for physicians who interpret vascular ultrasound examinations and seek to strengthen their diagnostic accuracy and confidence when evaluating carotid and aortoiliac arterial studies. It is also appropriate for vascular fellows, advanced practitioners, and experienced sonographers preparing to transition into or support interpretive roles. Participants are expected to have foundational knowledge of vascular anatomy and basic duplex techniques, as this course focuses on enhancing interpretive skills, application of diagnostic criteria, and clinical decision making in the evaluation of carotid arteries and aorta pathology.